Geospatial functions#

Trino Geospatial functions that begin with the ST_ prefix support the SQL/MM specification and are compliant with the Open Geospatial Consortium’s (OGC) OpenGIS Specifications. As such, many Trino Geospatial functions require, or more accurately, assume that geometries that are operated on are both simple and valid. For example, it does not make sense to calculate the area of a polygon that has a hole defined outside the polygon, or to construct a polygon from a non-simple boundary line.

Trino Geospatial functions support Well-Known Text (WKT), Extended Well-Known Text (EWKT), Well-Known Binary (WKB), and Extended Well-Known Binary (EWKB) forms of spatial objects:

POINT (0 0)
LINESTRING (0 0, 1 1, 1 2)
POLYGON ((0 0, 4 0, 4 4, 0 4, 0 0), (1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2, 1 1))
MULTIPOINT (0 0, 1 2)
MULTILINESTRING ((0 0, 1 1, 1 2), (2 3, 3 2, 5 4))
MULTIPOLYGON (((0 0, 4 0, 4 4, 0 4, 0 0), (1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2, 1 1)), ((-1 -1, -1 -2, -2 -2, -2 -1, -1 -1)))
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (POINT(2 3), LINESTRING (2 3, 3 4))

Use ST_GeometryFromText() and ST_GeomFromBinary() functions to create geometry objects from WKT or WKB.

The SphericalGeography type provides native support for spatial features represented on geographic coordinates (sometimes called geodetic coordinates, or lat/lon, or lon/lat). Geographic coordinates are spherical coordinates expressed in angular units (degrees).

The basis for the Geometry type is a plane. The shortest path between two points on the plane is a straight line. That means calculations on geometries (areas, distances, lengths, intersections, etc.) can be calculated using cartesian mathematics and straight line vectors. Geometry values can include Z coordinates and SRID metadata. Trino preserves Z coordinates and SRIDs in geometry values and supported format round trips, but geometry calculations are planar and use the X and Y coordinates. Functions that compare two Geometry values require matching SRIDs when both values have non-zero SRIDs. An SRID of 0 means the SRID is unspecified.

The basis for the SphericalGeography type is a sphere. The shortest path between two points on the sphere is a great circle arc. That means that calculations on geographies (areas, distances, lengths, intersections, etc.) must be calculated on the sphere, using more complicated mathematics. More accurate measurements that take the actual spheroidal shape of the world into account are not supported.

For Geometry, values returned by measurement functions such as ST_Distance(), ST_Length(), and ST_Area() are in the units of the input coordinates. For SphericalGeography, distance and length are in meters and area is in square meters.

Use to_spherical_geography() function to convert a geometry object to geography object.

For example, ST_Distance(ST_Point(-71.0882, 42.3607), ST_Point(-74.1197, 40.6976)) returns 3.4577 in the unit of the passed-in values on the Euclidean plane, while ST_Distance(to_spherical_geography(ST_Point(-71.0882, 42.3607)), to_spherical_geography(ST_Point(-74.1197, 40.6976))) returns 312822.179 in meters.

Constructors#

ST_AsBinary(Geometry) → varbinary#: Returns the ISO WKB representation of the geometry. WKB output does not carry SRID metadata, so reading this value back with ST_GeomFromBinary() produces a geometry with SRID 0. Z coordinates are preserved when present. Use ST_AsEWKB() when SRID metadata must be preserved.

ST_AsEWKB(Geometry) → varbinary#: Returns the EWKB representation of the geometry, including the SRID when it is non-zero.

ST_AsText(Geometry) → varchar#: Returns the WKT representation of the geometry. For empty geometries, ST_AsText(ST_LineFromText('LINESTRING EMPTY')) will produce 'MULTILINESTRING EMPTY' and ST_AsText(ST_Polygon('POLYGON EMPTY')) will produce 'MULTIPOLYGON EMPTY'.

ST_AsEWKT(Geometry) → varchar#: Returns the EWKT representation of the geometry, including the SRID when it is non-zero.

ST_GeometryFromText(varchar) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry type object from WKT representation.

ST_GeomFromBinary(varbinary) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry type object from a WKB or EWKB representation. WKB inputs produce geometries with SRID 0; EWKB inputs preserve the encoded SRID.

ST_GeomFromEWKT(varchar) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry type object from EWKT representation. EWKT accepts WKT with an optional SRID=<srid>; prefix.

ST_GeomFromKML(varchar) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry type object from KML representation.

geometry_from_hadoop_shape(varbinary) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry type object from Spatial Framework for Hadoop representation.

ST_LineFromText(varchar) → LineString#: Returns a geometry type linestring object from WKT representation.

ST_LineString(array(Point)) → LineString#: Returns a LineString formed from an array of points. If there are fewer than two non-empty points in the input array, an empty LineString will be returned. Array elements must not be NULL or have the same X, Y, and Z coordinates as the previous element. The returned geometry may not be simple, e.g. may self-intersect or may contain duplicate vertexes depending on the input. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the input points. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_Collect(array(Geometry)) → Geometry#: Returns a multi-geometry or geometry collection containing the input geometries. NULL array elements are ignored. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the input geometries. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_MakeLine(array(Geometry)) → LineString#: Returns a LineString formed from an array of points or linestrings. Empty geometries are ignored, and a coordinate with the same X, Y, and Z values at the boundary of two inputs is included only once. Array elements must not be NULL. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the input geometries. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_MakePolygon(LineString) → Polygon#: Returns a polygon formed from a closed LineString shell. The returned geometry preserves the input Z coordinates and SRID.

ST_MakePolygon(LineString, array(LineString)) → Polygon: Returns a polygon formed from a closed LineString shell and an array of closed LineString holes. Empty holes are ignored. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the shell and holes. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_MultiPoint(array(Point)) → MultiPoint#: Returns a MultiPoint geometry object formed from the specified points. Returns NULL if input array is empty. Array elements must not be NULL or empty. The returned geometry may not be simple and may contain duplicate points if input array has duplicates. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the input points. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_Multi(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a multi-geometry for a Point, LineString, or Polygon input. Multi-geometry and geometry collection inputs are returned unchanged. The returned geometry preserves the input Z coordinates and SRID. Empty Point, LineString, and Polygon inputs produce an empty multi-geometry of the corresponding type.

ST_Point(x: double, y: double) → Point#: Returns a geometry type point object with the given coordinate values.

ST_Point(x: double, y: double, srid: integer) → Point: Returns a two-dimensional point with the given X and Y coordinate values and SRID.

ST_Point(x: double, y: double, z: double) → Point: Returns a geometry type point object with the given X, Y, and Z coordinate values. The Z coordinate must be finite.

Warning

The SQL type of the third argument selects between the three-argument overloads. An INTEGER third argument is interpreted as the SRID, while a DOUBLE third argument is interpreted as the Z coordinate. Cast the argument explicitly when necessary. For example, use ST_Point(1, 2, DOUBLE '3') to construct a point with Z coordinate 3.

ST_Point(x: double, y: double, z: double, srid: integer) → Point: Returns a geometry type point object with the given X, Y, and Z coordinate values and SRID. The Z coordinate must be finite.

ST_Polygon(varchar) → Polygon#: Returns a geometry type polygon object from WKT representation.

to_spherical_geography(Geometry) → SphericalGeography#: Converts a Geometry object to a SphericalGeography object on the sphere of the Earth’s radius. This function is only applicable to POINT, MULTIPOINT, LINESTRING, MULTILINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTIPOLYGON geometries defined in 2D space, or GEOMETRYCOLLECTION of such geometries. For each point of the input geometry, it verifies that point.x is within [-180.0, 180.0] and point.y is within [-90.0, 90.0], and uses them as (longitude, latitude) degrees to construct the shape of the SphericalGeography result. SRID and Z metadata are not part of the SphericalGeography value.

to_geometry(SphericalGeography) → Geometry#: Converts a SphericalGeography object to a Geometry object.

Relationship tests#

ST_Contains(geometryA: Geometry, geometryB: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if and only if no points of the second geometry lie in the exterior of the first geometry, and at least one point of the interior of the first geometry lies in the interior of the second geometry.

ST_Crosses(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the supplied geometries have some, but not all, interior points in common.

ST_Disjoint(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the give geometries do not spatially intersect – if they do not share any space together.

ST_Equals(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the given geometries represent the same geometry.

ST_Intersects(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the given geometries spatially intersect in two dimensions (share any portion of space) and false if they do not (they are disjoint).

ST_Overlaps(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the given geometries share space, are of the same dimension, but are not completely contained by each other.

ST_Relate(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if first geometry is spatially related to second geometry.

ST_Touches(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the given geometries have at least one point in common, but their interiors do not intersect.

ST_Within(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if first geometry is completely inside second geometry.

Operations#

geometry_nearest_points(first: Geometry, second: Geometry)#: Returns the points on each geometry nearest the other. If either geometry is empty, return NULL. Otherwise, return a row of two Points that have the minimum distance of any two points on the geometries. The first Point will be from the first Geometry argument, the second from the second Geometry argument. If there are multiple pairs with the minimum distance, one pair is chosen arbitrarily. The calculation is planar and uses the X and Y coordinates.

geometry_union(array(Geometry)) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry that represents the point set union of the input geometries. Performance of this function, in conjunction with array_agg() to first aggregate the input geometries, may be better than geometry_union_agg(), at the expense of higher memory utilization.

ST_Boundary(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the closure of the combinatorial boundary of this geometry.

ST_Buffer(Geometry, distance) → Geometry#: Returns the geometry that represents all points whose distance from the specified geometry is less than or equal to the specified distance. If the points of the geometry are extremely close together (delta < 1e-8), this might return an empty geometry.

ST_Force2D(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the input geometry with Z coordinates removed. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

ST_Force3D(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the input geometry with missing Z coordinates set to 0.0. Existing Z coordinates are preserved, and the returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

ST_Force3D(Geometry, z) → Geometry: Returns the input geometry with missing Z coordinates set to the specified value. Existing Z coordinates are preserved, and the returned geometry preserves the input SRID. The specified Z value must be finite.

ST_Difference(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the geometry value that represents the point set difference of the given geometries.

ST_Envelope(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the bounding rectangular polygon of a geometry. The envelope is computed from X and Y coordinates, preserves the input SRID, and returns a two-dimensional geometry.

ST_EnvelopeAsPts(Geometry)#: Returns an array of two points: the lower left and upper right corners of the bounding rectangular polygon of a geometry. The points are computed from X and Y coordinates and preserve the input SRID, but do not include Z values. Returns NULL if input geometry is empty.

ST_ExteriorRing(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a line string representing the exterior ring of the input polygon.

ST_Intersection(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the geometry value that represents the point set intersection of two geometries.

ST_LineMerge(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a LineString or MultiLineString formed by merging connected linework. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID and any Z coordinates provided by JTS for retained vertices. Input other than a LineString or MultiLineString produces an empty GeometryCollection.

ST_Normalize(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the canonical normalized representation of the input geometry. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID and Z coordinates.

ST_Polygonize(array(Geometry)) → Geometry#: Returns polygons formed from the input linework. NULL array elements are ignored. The returned geometry uses the non-zero SRID from the input geometries. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

ST_ReducePrecision(Geometry, gridSize) → Geometry#: Returns the input geometry with coordinates rounded to the specified grid size. The grid size must be finite and positive. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID and any Z coordinates provided by JTS for retained vertices.

ST_SymDifference(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the geometry value that represents the point set symmetric difference of two geometries.

ST_Union(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → Geometry#

Returns a geometry that represents the point set union of the input geometries.

ST_VoronoiPolygons(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns Voronoi polygons from the vertices of the input geometry. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

ST_VoronoiPolygons(Geometry, tolerance) → Geometry: Returns Voronoi polygons from the vertices of the input geometry using the specified tolerance. The tolerance must be finite and non-negative. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

Accessors#

ST_Area(Geometry) → double#

Returns the 2D Euclidean area of a geometry.

For Point and LineString types, returns 0.0. For GeometryCollection types, returns the sum of the areas of the individual geometries.

ST_Area(SphericalGeography) → double: Returns the area of a polygon or multi-polygon in square meters using a spherical model for Earth.

ST_Centroid(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the point value that is the mathematical centroid of a geometry.

ST_ConvexHull(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the minimum convex geometry that encloses all input geometries.

ST_MinimumBoundingCircle(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the minimum bounding circle enclosing the geometry. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

ST_OrientedEnvelope(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the minimum-area rotated rectangle enclosing the geometry. The returned geometry preserves the input SRID.

ST_CoordDim(Geometry) → tinyint#: Returns the coordinate dimension of the geometry.

ST_Dimension(Geometry) → tinyint#: Returns the inherent dimension of this geometry object, which must be less than or equal to the coordinate dimension.

ST_Distance(first: Geometry, second: Geometry) → double: Returns the 2-dimensional cartesian minimum distance (based on spatial ref) between two geometries in projected units.

ST_Distance(first: SphericalGeography, second: SphericalGeography) → double#: Returns the great-circle distance in meters between two SphericalGeography points.

ST_GeometryN(Geometry, index) → Geometry#: Returns the geometry element at a given index (indices start at 1). If the geometry is a collection of geometries (e.g., GEOMETRYCOLLECTION or MULTI*), returns the geometry at a given index. If the given index is less than 1 or greater than the total number of elements in the collection, returns NULL. Use ST_NumGeometries() to find out the total number of elements. Singular geometries (e.g., POINT, LINESTRING, POLYGON), are treated as collections of one element. Empty geometries are treated as empty collections.

ST_InteriorRingN(Geometry, index) → Geometry#: Returns the interior ring element at the specified index (indices start at 1). If the given index is less than 1 or greater than the total number of interior rings in the input geometry, returns NULL. The input geometry must be a polygon. Use ST_NumInteriorRing() to find out the total number of elements.

ST_GeometryType(Geometry) → varchar#: Returns the type of the geometry.

ST_IsClosed(Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if the linestring’s start and end points are coincident in the X and Y coordinates.

ST_IsEmpty(Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if this Geometry is an empty geometrycollection, polygon, point etc.

ST_IsSimple(Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if this Geometry has no anomalous geometric points, such as self intersection or self tangency. The simplicity check is planar and uses the X and Y coordinates.

ST_IsRing(Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if and only if the line is closed and simple in the X and Y coordinates.

ST_IsValid(Geometry) → boolean#: Returns true if and only if the input geometry is well-formed. Use geometry_invalid_reason() to determine why the geometry is not well-formed. The validity check is planar and uses the X and Y coordinates.

ST_Length(Geometry) → double#: Returns the length of a linestring or multi-linestring using Euclidean measurement on a two-dimensional plane (based on spatial ref) in projected units.

ST_Length(SphericalGeography) → double: Returns the length of a linestring or multi-linestring on a spherical model of the Earth. This is equivalent to the sum of great-circle distances between adjacent points on the linestring.

ST_PointN(LineString, index) → Point#: Returns the vertex of a linestring at a given index (indices start at 1). If the given index is less than 1 or greater than the total number of elements in the collection, returns NULL. Use ST_NumPoints() to find out the total number of elements.

ST_Points(Geometry)#: Returns an array of points in a linestring.

ST_PointOnSurface(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a point guaranteed to lie on the surface of the input geometry, or NULL if the input geometry is empty. The returned point preserves the input SRID.

ST_XMax(Geometry) → double#: Returns the maximum X coordinate of the bounding box of a geometry. The bounding box is computed from X and Y coordinates; SRID and Z metadata do not affect the result.

ST_YMax(Geometry) → double#: Returns the maximum Y coordinate of the bounding box of a geometry. The bounding box is computed from X and Y coordinates; SRID and Z metadata do not affect the result.

ST_XMin(Geometry) → double#: Returns the minimum X coordinate of the bounding box of a geometry. The bounding box is computed from X and Y coordinates; SRID and Z metadata do not affect the result.

ST_YMin(Geometry) → double#: Returns the minimum Y coordinate of the bounding box of a geometry. The bounding box is computed from X and Y coordinates; SRID and Z metadata do not affect the result.

ST_StartPoint(Geometry) → point#: Returns the first point of a LineString geometry as a Point. This is a shortcut for ST_PointN(geometry, 1).

ST_SRID(Geometry) → integer#: Returns the spatial reference identifier of the geometry. SRID 0 means the SRID is unspecified.

ST_SetSRID(Geometry, srid) → Geometry#: Returns the input geometry with updated SRID metadata. This function does not transform coordinates.

ST_Transform(Geometry, srid) → Geometry#

Transforms the coordinates of the input geometry from its source SRID to the target EPSG SRID. The input geometry must have a non-zero SRID; use ST_SetSRID first if the geometry’s source SRID is known but unspecified in the value.

The target SRID must be non-zero, and only two-dimensional CRS definitions are currently supported. A non-empty geometry with Z coordinates cannot be transformed between different SRIDs and causes an error. Use ST_TransformXY() to transform only X and Y while preserving Z unchanged. The returned geometry has the target SRID.

ST_TransformXY(Geometry, srid) → Geometry#: Transforms the X and Y coordinates of the input geometry from its source SRID to the target EPSG SRID while preserving Z coordinates unchanged. The source and target SRIDs must be non-zero and identify supported two-dimensional CRS definitions. The returned geometry has the target SRID.

simplify_geometry(Geometry, double) → Geometry#: Returns a “simplified” version of the input geometry using the Douglas-Peucker algorithm. Will avoid creating derived geometries (polygons in particular) that are invalid.

ST_EndPoint(Geometry) → point#: Returns the last point of a LineString geometry as a Point. This is a shortcut for ST_PointN(geometry, ST_NumPoints(geometry)).

ST_X(Point) → double#: Returns the X coordinate of the point, or NULL if the point is empty.

ST_Y(Point) → double#: Returns the Y coordinate of the point, or NULL if the point is empty.

ST_Z(Point) → double#: Returns the Z coordinate of the point, or NULL if the point is empty or does not have a Z coordinate.

ST_InteriorRings(Geometry)#: Returns an array of all interior rings found in the input geometry, or an empty array if the polygon has no interior rings. Returns NULL if the input geometry is empty. The input geometry must be a polygon. Returned rings preserve the input geometry’s SRID and Z coordinates.

ST_NumGeometries(Geometry) → bigint#: Returns the number of geometries in the collection. If the geometry is a collection of geometries (e.g., GEOMETRYCOLLECTION or MULTI*), returns the number of geometries, for single geometries returns 1, for empty geometries returns 0.

ST_Geometries(Geometry)#: Returns an array of geometries in the specified collection. Returns a one-element array if the input geometry is not a multi-geometry. Returns NULL if input geometry is empty. Returned geometries preserve the input geometry’s SRID and Z coordinates.

ST_NumPoints(Geometry) → bigint#: Returns the number of points in a geometry. This is an extension to the SQL/MM ST_NumPoints function which only applies to point and linestring.

ST_NumInteriorRing(Geometry) → bigint#: Returns the cardinality of the collection of interior rings of a polygon.

line_interpolate_point(LineString, double) → Geometry#: Returns a Point interpolated along a LineString at the fraction given. The fraction must be between 0 and 1, inclusive. The returned point preserves the input geometry’s SRID and uses the Z coordinate provided by JTS when available.

line_interpolate_points(LineString, double, repeated)#: Returns an array of Points interpolated along a LineString. The fraction must be between 0 and 1, inclusive. Returned points preserve the input geometry’s SRID and use the Z coordinates provided by JTS when available.

line_locate_point(LineString, Point) → double#

Returns a float between 0 and 1 representing the location of the closest point on the LineString to the given Point, as a fraction of total 2d line length. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

Returns NULL if a LineString or a Point is empty or NULL.

geometry_invalid_reason(Geometry) → varchar#: Returns the reason for why the input geometry is not valid. Returns NULL if the input is valid.

great_circle_distance(latitude1, longitude1, latitude2, longitude2) → double#: Returns the great-circle distance between two points on Earth’s surface in kilometers.

to_geojson_geometry(SphericalGeography) → varchar#: Returns the GeoJSON encoding defined by the input spherical geography.

to_geojson_geometry(Geometry) → varchar: Returns the GeoJSON encoding defined by the input geometry. GeoJSON output preserves coordinates, including Z coordinates, but does not include Trino SRID metadata.

from_geojson_geometry(varchar) → SphericalGeography#: Returns the spherical geography type object from the GeoJSON representation stripping non geometry key/values. Feature and FeatureCollection are not supported.

Aggregations#

convex_hull_agg(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns the minimum convex geometry that encloses all input geometries.

geometry_collect_agg(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a multi-geometry or geometry collection containing all input geometries. The returned geometry preserves input Z coordinates and uses the non-zero SRID from the input geometries. Inputs with different non-zero SRIDs fail.

geometry_union_agg(Geometry) → Geometry#: Returns a geometry that represents the point set union of all input geometries.

Spatial partitioning#

These functions build and apply a KDB tree for spatial joins. They use the two-dimensional envelope of each geometry, based on X and Y coordinates. SRID and Z metadata do not affect partitioning.

Optimized spatial joins apply the same SRID compatibility rule before spatial pruning. If the indexed side has no non-zero SRID, every probe SRID is allowed. If it has one non-zero SRID, a probe must have SRID 0 or that SRID. If it has multiple non-zero SRIDs, only probes with SRID 0 are allowed.

spatial_partitioning(Geometry) → varchar#: Returns a serialized KDB tree partitioning for the input geometries. The one-argument form is rewritten internally to spatial_partitioning(geometry, 100).

spatial_partitioning(Geometry, partition_count) → varchar: Returns a serialized KDB tree partitioning for the input geometries using the specified partition count.

spatial_partitions(KdbTree, Geometry)#: Returns the IDs of spatial partitions whose extents intersect the two-dimensional envelope of the input geometry. Returns NULL if the input geometry is empty.

spatial_partitions(KdbTree, Geometry, distance): Returns the IDs of spatial partitions whose extents intersect the two-dimensional envelope of the input geometry expanded by distance. Returns NULL if the input geometry is empty.

Bing tiles#

These functions convert between geometries and Bing tiles.

bing_tile(x, y, zoom_level) → BingTile#: Creates a Bing tile object from XY coordinates and a zoom level. Zoom levels from 1 to 23 are supported.

bing_tile(quadKey) → BingTile: Creates a Bing tile object from a quadkey.

bing_tile_at(latitude, longitude, zoom_level) → BingTile#: Returns a Bing tile at a given zoom level containing a point at a given latitude and longitude. Latitude must be within [-85.05112878, 85.05112878] range. Longitude must be within [-180, 180] range. Zoom levels from 1 to 23 are supported.

bing_tiles_around(latitude, longitude, zoom_level)#: Returns a collection of Bing tiles that surround the point specified by the latitude and longitude arguments at a given zoom level.

bing_tiles_around(latitude, longitude, zoom_level, radius_in_km): Returns a minimum set of Bing tiles at specified zoom level that cover a circle of specified radius in km around a specified (latitude, longitude) point.

bing_tile_coordinates(tile) → row<x, y>#: Returns the XY coordinates of a given Bing tile.

bing_tile_polygon(tile) → Geometry#: Returns the polygon representation of a given Bing tile as a 2D geometry with SRID 0.

bing_tile_quadkey(tile) → varchar#: Returns the quadkey of a given Bing tile.

bing_tile_zoom_level(tile) → tinyint#: Returns the zoom level of a given Bing tile.

geometry_to_bing_tiles(geometry, zoom_level)#: Returns the minimum set of Bing tiles that fully covers a given geometry at a given zoom level. Zoom levels from 1 to 23 are supported. The calculation uses the X and Y coordinates as longitude and latitude.

Encoded polylines#

These functions convert between geometries and encoded polylines.

to_encoded_polyline(Geometry) → varchar#: Encodes a linestring or multipoint to a polyline. Encoded polylines are a 2D format and only use the X and Y coordinates.

from_encoded_polyline(varchar) → Geometry#: Decodes a polyline to a 2D linestring with SRID 0.